Retour au poème ? Écritures modernistes et référentialité
Abstract
This article examines the way modernist poets have questioned the relation between the poem and its supposed referent. By producing their own referent and freeing language and the poem itself from the necessity to signify from some « outside », thus making sense out of their internal linguistic relationships, some of the texts written in the early 20th century lead us to ponder upon the asymetrical interaction between the literary work and the world of reference in which it seems to be grounded. Starting from a reflection on the status of the written sign as it was defined by Saussure and somehow reconsidered by modernist poets, this article seeks to address the question of the autonomy of the poem. Relying on close readings (Ezra Pound, Marianne Moore), it aims to show how the poem builds its own referent in lieu of the object, which is always already erased by the sign.
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